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| GRADE 9 - 12 |
| PHYSICAL SCIENCE BODY OF KNOWLEDGE |
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Standard 8: Matter
A. A working definition of matter is that it takes up space, has mass, and has measurable properties.
Matter is comprised of atomic, subatomic, and elementary particles.
B. Electrons are key to defining chemical and some physical properties, reactivity, and molecular structures.
Repeating (periodic) patterns of physical and chemical properties occur among elements that define groups of
elements with similar properties. The periodic table displays the repeating patterns, which are related to the
atom's outermost electrons. Atoms bond with each other to form compounds.
C. In a chemical reaction, one or more reactants are transformed into one or more new products. Many factors
shape the nature of products and the rates of reaction.
D. Carbon-based compounds are building-blocks of known life forms on earth and numerous useful natural and
synthetic products. |
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BENCHMARK CODE |
BENCHMARK |
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SC.912.P.8.1 |
Differentiate among the four states of matter. |
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SC.912.P.8.2 |
Differentiate between physical and chemical properties and physical and chemical
changes of matter. |
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SC.912.P.8.3 |
Explore the scientific theory of atoms (also known as atomic theory) by describing
changes in the atomic model over time and why those changes were necessitated by experimental evidence. |
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SC.912.P.8.4 |
Explore the scientific theory of atoms (also known as atomic theory) by describing
the structure of atoms in terms of protons, neutrons and electrons, and differentiate among these particles in
terms of their mass, electrical charges and locations within the atom. |
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SC.912.P.8.5 |
Relate properties of atoms and their position in the periodic table to the
arrangement of their electrons. |
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SC.912.P.8.6 |
Distinguish between bonding forces holding compounds together and other attractive
forces, including hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. |
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SC.912.P.8.7 |
Interpret formula representations of molecules and compounds in terms of composition
and structure. |
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SC.912.P.8.8 |
Characterize types of chemical reactions, for example: redox, acid-base, synthesis,
and single and double replacement reactions. |
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SC.912.P.8.9 |
Apply the mole concept and the law of conservation of mass to calculate quantities
of chemicals participating in reactions. |
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SC.912.P.8.10 |
Describe oxidation-reduction reactions in living and non-living systems. |
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SC.912.P.8.11 |
Relate acidity and basicity to hydronium and hydroxyl ion concentration and pH. |
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SC.912.P.8.12 |
Describe the properties of the carbon atom that make the diversity of carbon
compounds possible. |
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SC.912.P.8.13 |
Identify selected functional groups and relate how they contribute to properties of
carbon compounds. |
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| News and Views |
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| News Items |
February 1, 2012
Fuel Cell Today update.
read more |
January 13, 2012
Sewer Agenda.
read more |
December 23, 2011
Scientist: Water account overdrawn.
read more |
Novemver 14, 2011
Submission to the Citrus County Commissioner, 14 November, 2011.
read more |
October 25, 2011
Letter dated 19 October 2011 entered into the Public Record at a meeting of
the Citrus County BOCC.
read more |
October 9, 2011
Submission to the Citrus County Director of Water Resources for discussion on Wednesday 12 October, 2011.
read more |
September 23, 2011
Response to the Governor's Office 23 September, 2011.
read more |
August 14, 2011
The future of our fresh water is in our hands.
read more |
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