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GRADE 9 - 12
NATURE OF SCIENCE BODY OF KNOWLEDGE

Standard 2: The Characteristics of Scientific Knowledge

A: Scientific knowledge is based on empirical evidence, and is appropriate for understanding the natural world, but it provides only a limited understanding of the supernatural, aesthetic, or other ways of knowing, such as art, philosophy, or religion.
B: Scientific knowledge is durable and robust, but open to change.
C: Because science is based on empirical evidence it strives for objectivity, but as it is a human endeavor the processes, methods, and knowledge of science include subjectivity, as well as creativity and discovery.

  BENCHMARK CODE BENCHMARK
* SC.912.N.2.1 Identify what is science, what clearly is not science, and what superficially resembles science (but fails to meet the criteria for science).
 
* SC.912.N.2.2 Identify which questions can be answered through science and which questions are outside the boundaries of scientific investigation, such as questions addressed by other ways of knowing, such as art, philosophy, and religion.
 
* SC.912.N.2.3 Identify examples of pseudoscience (such as astrology, phrenology) in society.
 
* SC.912.N.2.4 Explain that scientific knowledge is both durable and robust and open to change. Scientific knowledge can change because it is often examined and re-examined by new investigations and scientific argumentation. Because of these frequent examinations, scientific knowledge becomes stronger, leading to its durability.
Local Page: Education Section (Third and fourth paragraphs)
* SC.912.N.2.5 Describe instances in which scientists' varied backgrounds, talents, interests, and goals influence the inferences and thus the explanations that they make about observations of natural phenomena and describe that competing interpretations (explanations) of scientists are a strength of science as they are a source of new, testable ideas that have the potential to add new evidence to support one or another of the explanations.
 
News and Views
News Items

February 1, 2012
Fuel Cell Today update.
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January 13, 2012
Sewer Agenda.
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December 23, 2011
Scientist: Water account overdrawn.
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Novemver 14, 2011
Submission to the Citrus County Commissioner, 14 November, 2011.
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October 25, 2011
Letter dated 19 October 2011 entered into the Public Record at a meeting of the Citrus County BOCC.
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October 9, 2011
Submission to the Citrus County Director of Water Resources for discussion on Wednesday 12 October, 2011.
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September 23, 2011
Response to the Governor's Office 23 September, 2011.
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August 14, 2011
The future of our fresh water is in our hands.
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